The Spanish Empire once ruled many indigenous nations. Over time, those nations came to be ruled by post-colonial successor states, whom many indigenous nations are now challenging to abide by international law. But within the modern state of Spain itself, there are two indigenous nations still seeking independence: Catalonia and Euskadi (Basque Country). As the most economically prosperous regions of Spain — each with its own language — these two indigenous nations of the Iberian Peninsula might soon join Portugal in achieving full independence from Spain.